Installations
Railway turntable
<space=1em><b>Balanced circles</b>
<space=1em>Unlike modern traction, a steam locomotive always had to pull the train with the pipe forward. For this purpose, various devices for its turn were created at the terminal stations, for example, turntables.
<space=1em>The very first in their design were balanced circles, the turning truss of which rested on a spherical support. Driving onto the circle for a turn, the steam locomotive moved along the truss until its center of gravity was above the support of the circle.
<space=1em>Then the locomotive could be turned almost manually without additional mechanisms, pushing a log inserted into a special hole in the truss.
<space=1em><b>Riding on top</b>
<space=1em>Unbalanced circles rested with the edges of the truss on the drive bogies. The locomotive either turned itself, being connected to a steam power plant, or with the help of electric motors.
<space=1em>With this design, the turning beam rested both on the central support and on the end wheels, which in turn rested on the ring rail when turning. The beam consisted of two parts connected in the center. In this case, the ride was carried out on top of the beam. Hence the name "with riding on top".
<space=1em>Most often, circles were installed in fan depots. In addition to their main task, turning the locomotive, they served for technological <nobr>purposes -</nobr> moving steam locomotives from stall to stall.
<space=1em><b>Not without its downsides</b>
<space=1em>The biggest design downside was that locomotives in the depot were held hostage by the turntable, since when it broke down they were locked in their stalls. Because the tracks ended at the edge of the pit, sometimes locomotives ended up at the bottom of the turntable.
<space=1em>Turntables were produced in different sizes. For example, on Russian railways, the smallest turntable was <nobr>10.4 m long,<nobr> and the largest, designed for turning locomotives of the <nobr>FD type, was <nobr>32 m.</nobr>
<space=1em><b>Turntables in our time</b>
<space=1em>After the departure of steam locomotives, turntables continued to be in demand. First of all, due to the fact that locomotive depots were converted to service diesel traction and electric locomotives.
<space=1em>Some depots still use turntables today, almost all of them are unbalanced and have an electric drive.
ID экспоната:
105
Галерея изображений:
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Галерея изображений (оригинал):
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Галерея изображений 2000:
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План:
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План 1000:
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План 2000:
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Хронология:
<space=1em>Turning circles were used to turn steam locomotives, since the design of such a locomotive was supposed to move with the pipe forward. In most cases, the turning circle was built at fan depots and also served to drive steam locomotives into the stalls. <space=1em>By their design, there were two types of circles: balanced and unbalanced. <space=1em>The balanced circle is an older type. To turn around, a steam locomotive drove onto it, it was balanced by moving along the track, like on a swinging beam, which made it possible to turn it later using the physical strength of people. For this purpose, waggons were installed at the ends of the turning truss. Using this type of circle was quite difficult, since the tender of the steam locomotive could be filled with water and fuel completely or partially. This affected its position on the circle during balancing. The steam locomotive itself could be cold and without water in the boiler. This required longer circles - longer than the full wheelbase of the locomotive and tender. If the tender was not fully loaded, the circle had to be an additional 1.5-2 m longer than the wheelbase of the entire locomotive. <space=1em>The increase in the weight and length of the locomotives also required a change in design. This led to the appearance of unbalanced split turntables. With this design, the turning beam rested on both the central support and the end wheels, which, in turn, rested on the ring rail when turning. The beam consisted of two parts connected in the center. In this case, the ride was carried out on top of the beam. Hence the name "with top riding" - similar to bridges. <space=1em>The advantage of such circles was that the truss for turning could be shorter, since it was enough for all the wheels of the locomotive and tender to fit on it. This significantly reduced the time for installing and turning the locomotive. The truss was smaller in weight and height, but its rotation required twice as much power, which clearly required the installation of a turner. <space=1em>Unbalanced circles with a diameter of 23, 25 and 30 m were manufactured in the USSR. 25- and 30-meter foundationless circles were manufactured for installation in places with high groundwater levels. Large circles were necessary for turning new powerful locomotives of the SO, IS, FD, L, LV and P36 series. The circles were manufactured by the Bryansk plant "Red Profintern", the Lublin Foundry and Mechanical Plant of the NKPS named after L. M. Kaganovich, the Kirov Plant of the MPS named after 1 May and others. <space=1em>30-meter circles allowed a load of up to 400 tons. When installed on Category 1 lines, 30-meter circles were installed so that during the transition to even more powerful steam locomotives, it was possible to install circles with a diameter of up to 36 m. This would have been relevant if the experimental articulated steam locomotives of the Kolomna Plant of the P38 series, built in 1954-1955, had gone into production. The wheelbase of the P38 steam locomotive was 37,620 mm. But 1956 was the last year in the era of steam locomotive construction. In some depots, turntables are still used today, almost all of them are of the unbalanced type and have electric turntables. <space=1em>The KP30NA model turntable was built by JSC Kirovsky Mashzavod 1 Maya in 2005 and accepted by the October Railway from LSS Varshavskaya LLC in two stages: in the fall of 2015 and in the spring of 2016. <space=1em>Maximum load capacity is 300 t, span length is 30 m.
Блоки описания:
[{"quote":"","title":"Balanced circles","images":[],"content":"Unlike modern traction, a steam locomotive always had to pull the train with the pipe forward. For this purpose, various devices for its turn were created at the terminal stations, for example, turntables.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe very first in their design were balanced circles, the turning truss of which rested on a spherical support. Driving onto the circle for a turn, the steam locomotive moved along the truss until its center of gravity was above the support of the circle.\r\n\r\n\r\nThen the locomotive could be turned almost manually without additional mechanisms, pushing a log inserted into a special hole in the truss.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"Unbalanced circles rested with the edges of the truss on the drive bogies. The locomotive either turned itself, being connected to a steam power plant, or with the help of electric motors.\r\n\r\n\r\nWith this design, the turning beam rested both on the central support and on the end wheels, which in turn rested on the ring rail when turning. The beam consisted of two parts connected in the center. In this case, the ride was carried out on top of the beam. Hence the name \"with riding on top\".\r\n\r\n\r\nMost often, circles were installed in fan depots. In addition to their main task, turning the locomotive, they served for technological purposes - moving steam locomotives from stall to stall.","subtitle":"Riding on top"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The biggest design downside was that locomotives in the depot were held hostage by the turntable, since when it broke down they were locked in their stalls. Because the tracks ended at the edge of the pit, sometimes locomotives ended up at the bottom of the turntable.\r\n\r\n\r\nTurntables were produced in different sizes. For example, on Russian railways, the smallest turntable was 10.4 m long, and the largest, designed for turning locomotives of the FD type, was 32 m.","subtitle":"Not without its downsides"},{"quote":"","title":"Turntables in our time","images":[],"content":"After the departure of steam locomotives, turntables continued to be in demand. First of all, due to the fact that locomotive depots were converted to service diesel traction and electric locomotives.\r\n\r\n\r\nSome depots still use turntables today, almost all of them are unbalanced and have an electric drive.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"Turning circles were used to turn steam locomotives, since the design of such a locomotive was supposed to move with the pipe forward. In most cases, the turning circle was built at fan depots and also served to drive steam locomotives into the stalls.\r\n\r\nBy their design, there were two types of circles: balanced and unbalanced.\r\n\r\nThe balanced circle is an older type. To turn around, a steam locomotive drove onto it, it was balanced by moving along the track, like on a swinging beam, which made it possible to turn it later using the physical strength of people. For this purpose, waggons were installed at the ends of the turning truss. Using this type of circle was quite difficult, since the tender of the steam locomotive could be filled with water and fuel completely or partially. This affected its position on the circle during balancing. The steam locomotive itself could be cold and without water in the boiler. This required longer circles - longer than the full wheelbase of the locomotive and tender. If the tender was not fully loaded, the circle had to be an additional 1.5-2 m longer than the wheelbase of the entire locomotive.\r\n\r\nThe increase in the weight and length of the locomotives also required a change in design. This led to the appearance of unbalanced split turntables. With this design, the turning beam rested on both the central support and the end wheels, which, in turn, rested on the ring rail when turning. The beam consisted of two parts connected in the center. In this case, the ride was carried out on top of the beam. Hence the name \"with top riding\" - similar to bridges.\r\n\r\nThe advantage of such circles was that the truss for turning could be shorter, since it was enough for all the wheels of the locomotive and tender to fit on it. This significantly reduced the time for installing and turning the locomotive. The truss was smaller in weight and height, but its rotation required twice as much power, which clearly required the installation of a turner.\r\n\r\nUnbalanced circles with a diameter of 23, 25 and 30 m were manufactured in the USSR. 25- and 30-meter foundationless circles were manufactured for installation in places with high groundwater levels. Large circles were necessary for turning new powerful locomotives of the SO, IS, FD, L, LV and P36 series. The circles were manufactured by the Bryansk plant \"Red Profintern\", the Lublin Foundry and Mechanical Plant of the NKPS named after L. M. Kaganovich, the Kirov Plant of the MPS named after 1 May and others.\r\n\r\nMaximum load capacity is 300 t, span length is 30 m.","subtitle":"Historical context"}]
История (блоками):
[{"year":"1954–1955","content":"30-meter circles allowed a load of up to 400 tons. When installed on Category 1 lines, 30-meter circles were installed so that during the transition to even more powerful steam locomotives, it was possible to install circles with a diameter of up to 36 m. This would have been relevant if the experimental articulated steam locomotives of the Kolomna Plant of the P38 series, built in 1954-1955, had gone into production. The wheelbase of the P38 steam locomotive was 37,620 mm. But 1956 was the last year in the era of steam locomotive construction. In some depots, turntables are still used today, almost all of them are of the unbalanced type and have electric turntables."},{"year":"2005","content":"The KP30NA model turntable was built by JSC Kirovsky Mashzavod 1 Maya in 2005 and accepted by the October Railway from LSS Varshavskaya LLC in two stages: in the fall of 2015 and in the spring of 2016."}]
Чертежи (блоками):
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Модель (деталка):
Railway turntable
Заголовок (деталка):
Railway turntable
Заголовок истории:
Chronology
Mnemonic code:
105
Code in external DB source:
411
Name:
Railway turntable