Installations
Cherepanov's Steam Locomotive
<space=1em><b>Ural Nuggets</b>
<space=1em>The first Russian steam locomotive was created in </nobr>1834</nobr> by talented Ural <nobr>mechanics —</nobr> father and son Cherepanov, Efim Alekseevich and Miron Efimovich. They worked at the Vyisky Demidov plant in Nizhny Tagil, and Efim Alekseevich went from being an ordinary worker to being the chief mechanic.
<space=1em>The history of the steam locomotive began with Efim Cherepanov's trip to England in <nobr>1821</nobr> There he saw a railway connecting the city of Leeds and the Middleton mines, from where a steam locomotive transported <nobr>4,000 poods</nobr> of coal three times a day over a distance of four miles. Later, in <nobr>1833</nobr>, Miron Cherepanov went to study English factories and independently investigated the production of locomotives at the enterprises of Taylor and Stephenson.
<space=1em><b>The First Steam Locomotive</b>
<space=1em>At the end of the same <nobr>1833</nobr>, the construction of the first steam locomotive began. A large team of craftsmen of different specialties worked on it, <nobr>21 people</nobr>. The Cherepanovs' "land steamer" weighed <nobr>2.4 tons</nobr>. A van (tender) with water and coal was attached to it, as well as freight cars or a passenger "carriage" for <nobr>40 people</nobr>. For the movement, a track <nobr>854 m long</nobr> with a track width of <nobr>1,645 mm was laid —</nobr> the first broad-gauge railway in Russia. The rails and cushions for them were cast from cast iron, which was very expensive at that time.
<space=1em>Tests took place in <nobr>May–June</nobr> <nobr>1834</nobr> The machine, whose power is estimated at <nobr>30 hp</nobr>, successfully transported loads weighing up to <nobr>3.5 tons</nobr> or up to <nobr>40 passengers</nobr> in a "decent carriage". Without waiting for the end of the tests, the Cherepanovs began to create a second, more powerful model of <nobr>43 hp</nobr> By March <nobr>1835</nobr> the construction of the second machine was completed. It took more than <nobr>2 tons</nobr> of iron and half a ton of copper of different grades. The cost was <nobr>1,456 rubles</nobr>.
<space=1em><b>Museum model</b>
<space=1em>The original drawing of the locomotive, made by the inventors' nephew Amos Cherepanov in March <nobr>1835, has survived to this day.</nobr>
<space=1em>The Central Museum of Railway Transport in St. Petersburg houses a <nobr>1.33 m</nobr> long model, created for the St. Petersburg exhibition <nobr>1839.</nobr> It is from this model that one can imagine what the first Russian locomotive looked like.
ID экспоната:
263
Галерея изображений:
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Галерея изображений (оригинал):
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Галерея изображений 2000:
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План:
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План 1000:
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План 2000:
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Хронология:
<space=1em><b>Dam apprentice</b>
<space=1em>The Cherepanovs' activities in the first decades of the <nobr>19th century</nobr> are mentioned in the correspondence of the Demidov factories. Efim Cherepanov worked at the Vyisky factory from the beginning of the <nobr>19th century</nobr> and in <nobr>1806</nobr> was mentioned as a dam apprentice, and his brother Alexei was mentioned as a simple worker.
<space=1em>The first small steam engine, which drove a lathe, was created by Efim Cherepanov in <nobr>1820</nobr> His <nobr>17-year-old</nobr> son Miron also took part in its creation. In <nobr>1821</nobr> Demidov sent Efim to England. There he saw a steam-powered railway connecting the Middleton mines with Leeds.
<space=1em>In <nobr>1824</nobr> Cherepanov built and tested a steam engine for driving flour millstones at the Vyisky plant. It cost <nobr>1,076 rubles</nobr>, while Bird sold his for <nobr>1,000 rubles</nobr> per <nobr>1 hp</nobr>, that is, four times more expensive.
<space=1em>In <nobr>1827</nobr> Cherepanov built a steam water-lifting machine for the Vyisky copper mine. The success of its use changed Demidov's opinion about the use of steam engines, and he allowed the construction of the next apparatus.
<space=1em><b>Steamer stagecoach</b>
<space=1em>In the <nobr>1830s</nobr> the Cherepanovs began to build their own locomotive. The documents of the Vyisky office state: "Wooden models are prepared for the newly built steamship stagecoach, according to which cast iron and copper supplies are cast, and iron accessories are forged, which are repaired by their own workers, where there were up to <nobr>21 people</nobr> in various workshops."
<space=1em>In August, the "steamship" was built, the laying of a cast-iron track and the construction of a wooden shed for storing the locomotive began. Immediately after the construction of the first "land steamship", the Cherepanovs began to build a second, more powerful one. In February <nobr>1835</nobr> "<nobr>the 2nd</nobr> steamboat is being built non-stop, and there is hope that it will be completely ready before spring." And by March it was ready. The cost of its construction was <nobr>1,456 rubles</nobr>, <nobr>128.5 poods</nobr> of iron <nobr>(2.1 tons)</nobr> and more than <nobr>34 poods</nobr> <nobr>(554 kg)</nobr> of copper of various grades were used.
<space=1em><b>In the museum</b>
<space=1em>The model of the Cherepanov steam locomotive in the museum was made by the Experimental Plant of the October Railway in <nobr>2014</nobr>, in the summer it is located in the yard.
Блоки описания:
[{"quote":"","title":"Dam apprentice","images":[],"content":"The Cherepanovs' activities in the first decades of the 19th century are mentioned in the correspondence of the Demidov factories. Efim Cherepanov worked at the Vyisky factory from the beginning of the 19th century and in 1806 was mentioned as a dam apprentice, and his brother Alexei was mentioned as a simple worker.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe first small steam engine, which drove a lathe, was created by Efim Cherepanov in 1820 His 17-year-old son Miron also took part in its creation. In 1821 Demidov sent Efim to England. There he saw a steam-powered railway connecting the Middleton mines with Leeds.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn 1824 Cherepanov built and tested a steam engine for driving flour millstones at the Vyisky plant. It cost 1,076 rubles, while Bird sold his for 1,000 rubles per 1 hp, that is, four times more expensive.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn 1827 Cherepanov built a steam water-lifting machine for the Vyisky copper mine. The success of its use changed Demidov's opinion about the use of steam engines, and he allowed the construction of the next apparatus.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"In the 1830s the Cherepanovs began to build their own locomotive. The documents of the Vyisky office state: \"Wooden models are prepared for the newly built steamship stagecoach, according to which cast iron and copper supplies are cast, and iron accessories are forged, which are repaired by their own workers, where there were up to 21 people in various workshops.\"\r\n\r\n\r\nIn August, the \"steamship\" was built, the laying of a cast-iron track and the construction of a wooden shed for storing the locomotive began. Immediately after the construction of the first \"land steamship\", the Cherepanovs began to build a second, more powerful one. In February 1835 \"the 2nd steamboat is being built non-stop, and there is hope that it will be completely ready before spring.\" And by March it was ready. The cost of its construction was 1,456 rubles, 128.5 poods of iron (2.1 tons) and more than 34 poods (554 kg) of copper of various grades were used.","subtitle":"Steamer stagecoach"},{"quote":"","title":"In the museum","images":[],"content":"The model of the Cherepanov steam locomotive in the museum was made by the Experimental Plant of the October Railway in 2014, in the summer it is located in the yard.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"<b>Dam apprentice<\/b>\r\n\r\n<b>Steamer stagecoach<\/b>\r\n\r\n<b>In the museum<\/b>","subtitle":"Historical context"}]
История (блоками):
[{"year":"1806","content":"The Cherepanovs' activities in the first decades of the 19th century are mentioned in the correspondence of the Demidov factories. Efim Cherepanov worked at the Vyisky factory from the beginning of the 19th century and in 1806 was mentioned as a dam apprentice, and his brother Alexei was mentioned as a simple worker."},{"year":"1820","content":"The first small steam engine, which drove a lathe, was created by Efim Cherepanov in 1820 His 17-year-old son Miron also took part in its creation. In 1821 Demidov sent Efim to England. There he saw a steam-powered railway connecting the Middleton mines with Leeds."},{"year":"1824","content":"In 1824 Cherepanov built and tested a steam engine for driving flour millstones at the Vyisky plant. It cost 1,076 rubles, while Bird sold his for 1,000 rubles per 1 hp, that is, four times more expensive."},{"year":"1827","content":"In 1827 Cherepanov built a steam water-lifting machine for the Vyisky copper mine. The success of its use changed Demidov's opinion about the use of steam engines, and he allowed the construction of the next apparatus."},{"year":"1830s","content":"In the 1830s the Cherepanovs began to build their own locomotive. The documents of the Vyisky office state: \"Wooden models are prepared for the newly built steamship stagecoach, according to which cast iron and copper supplies are cast, and iron accessories are forged, which are repaired by their own workers, where there were up to 21 people in various workshops.\""},{"year":"1835","content":"In August, the \"steamship\" was built, the laying of a cast-iron track and the construction of a wooden shed for storing the locomotive began. Immediately after the construction of the first \"land steamship\", the Cherepanovs began to build a second, more powerful one. In February 1835 \"the 2nd steamboat is being built non-stop, and there is hope that it will be completely ready before spring.\" And by March it was ready. The cost of its construction was 1,456 rubles, 128.5 poods of iron (2.1 tons) and more than 34 poods (554 kg) of copper of various grades were used."},{"year":"2014","content":"The model of the Cherepanov steam locomotive in the museum was made by the Experimental Plant of the October Railway in 2014, in the summer it is located in the yard."}]
Чертежи (блоками):
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Модель (деталка):
Cherepanov's Steam Locomotive
Заголовок (деталка):
Steam locomotive model
Заголовок истории:
Chronology
Mnemonic code:
263
Code in external DB source:
18485
Name:
Cherepanov's Steam Locomotive