Exhibits

Steam locomotives

ОV 6640

<space=1em>Normal steam locomotive

<space=1em>In 1892 the term "normal type steam locomotive" or "normal steam locomotive" appeared on Russian railways, which meant a standardized steam locomotive that met the standards. Early normal steam locomotives of the 1892, 1893 and 1897 types had four driving wheel pairs (axle arrangement 0-4-0), a Joy steam distribution mechanism and a compound machine, that is, one in which steam first enters the high-pressure cylinder (right) with a smaller diameter, and after working in it, enters the low-pressure cylinder (left), which has a larger diameter.

<space=1em>The compound principle, reducing the temperature difference in the cylinders during the working stroke and, consequently, reducing heat losses during steam condensation, is aimed precisely at saving fuel. However, with many advantages, normal type steam locomotives with Joye's steam distribution showed low efficiency, consuming more fuel per unit of work performed than their predecessors, which had a simple (with identical cylinders) steam engine with a similar design and a more archaic steam distribution system with a rocker mechanism inside the frame.

<space=1em>Walschaert mechanism

<space=1em>Research of normal type steam locomotives 1897, which took place from 1898 to 1900 on the Kharkov-Mykolaiv railway, revealed unsatisfactory steam distribution of these locomotives. In this regard, engineer Yu.V.Lomonosov proposed a project to redesign their steam distribution mechanism. However, subsequent tests of the redesigned locomotives showed that this measure was insufficient.

<space=1em>In 1899 the Kolomna Machine-Building Plant built two locomotives for the South-Western Railways with a Walschaert steam distribution mechanism modified by the Kolomna Plant. They also contained other changes, including a reduction in the heating surface and an increase in the cylinder diameter, which led to a mismatch between the boiler and the machine. Although the first 0-4-0 steam locomotives with Walschaert steam distribution were thus unsuccessful, the failure was not related to the steam distribution system.

<space=1em>In 1901 The XXIII Advisory Congress of Traction Service Engineers created a list of measures aimed at improving the existing normal type steam locomotive 1897 These measures included replacing the Joy steam distribution with the Walschaert steam distribution, replacing the Ramsbottom safety valves with lever-and-spring valves, and using four-axle tenders of the Kharkov plant design along with three-axle tenders. In the same year, the Putilov plant began producing steam locomotives that took into account the decisions of the congress. These locomotives became known as normal type steam locomotives 1901

<space=1em>Normal type steam locomotives 1904 differed from normal type steam locomotives 1901 by some improvements, and the steam pressure in the boiler was increased from 11.5 to 12 kgf/cm2.

<space=1em>But the increase in transportation required, and the strengthening of the tracks allowed the use of more powerful locomotives than normal steam locomotives 0-4-0. The production of normal type machines 1905 with the axle arrangement 1-4-0 began. After this, the order for steam locomotives 0-4-0 continued, but significantly decreased. Some of the 0-4-0 locomotives from 1907 were equipped with superheaters during construction. In addition, the installation of superheaters on previously built normal steam locomotives began.

<space=1em>Unified Designations

<space=1em>In 1912 a unified system for designating locomotive series was established in Russia. According to it, all normal steam locomotives with the axle arrangement 0-4-0 were assigned the O series, from the word "main". Normal steam locomotives of 1901 and 1904 with a compound machine and a Walschaert steam distribution mechanism with a Gounod loop were designated OV. Steam locomotives with Walschaert's steam distribution mechanism, modified by the Kolomna Plant, were designated OK. The indexes indicated the authorship of Walschaert and the Kolomna Plant.

<space=1em>For the same reasons, steam locomotives with Joye's steam distribution mechanism were designated: normal types of 1892 and 1893 — O, normal type of 1897 — OD, and those with the steam distribution modified at the suggestion of Yu.V.Lomonosov — OL. Steam locomotives 0-4-0 with superheaters were designated OP.

<space=1em>The most widespread series

<space=1em>Steam locomotives OV were built until 1928 As for the O series machines of all indexes, about 8,000 of them were built. This is the most widespread series of steam locomotives in the Russian Empire.

<space=1em>From the mid-1910s to the mid-1940s, many steam locomotives of the O series were equipped with armor. They took part in two world wars and in the Civil War as part of armored trains. The small "sheep" were better suited for this service than more powerful locomotives with a long base and high boiler position.

<space=1em>Museum exhibit

<space=1em>Normal type steam locomotive 1901 built at the Putilov plant in 1902 Designation OV 6640 assigned in 1914, when the locomotive worked on the South-Western Railways. After the Civil War, the locomotive ended up on the Ekaterininskaya Railway.

<space=1em>In the 1930s the locomotive performed shunting work at Kyiv-Petrovka station. During the Great Patriotic War, it fought as an armored locomotive, was captured by the enemy, recaptured and sent for repairs to the Yaroslavl locomotive repair plant. In 1945 it was disarmored and transferred to the Lithuanian Railway. In 1953–1956 the Lithuanian Railway was merged with the Estonian and Latvian Railways into the Baltic Railway, then restored.

<space=1em>In January 1961 the locomotive was transferred to the Kaliningrad Council of National Economy. Then it returned to the tracks of the Ministry of Railways, and was used in filming. Transferred to the museum from the Kaliningrad locomotive depot in 1998

ID экспоната: 33

Аудио: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/67/8a/678a0ffaf7cdb62e00a321bdc465e2dff870b990.ogg

Галерея изображений: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/a4/9c/s1a49cdcc24b175271413e093aa9b01a448213e3be.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/a0/69/s1a06938f2c1b3aef0af49c2171d63e44523ff70d5.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/f4/6f/s1f46f040c54b51dfd7a87b62bbc76fad95312ed7b.jpg

Галерея изображений (оригинал): http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/a4/9c/a49cdcc24b175271413e093aa9b01a448213e3be.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/a0/69/a06938f2c1b3aef0af49c2171d63e44523ff70d5.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/f4/6f/f46f040c54b51dfd7a87b62bbc76fad95312ed7b.jpg

Галерея изображений 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/a4/9c/s2a49cdcc24b175271413e093aa9b01a448213e3be.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/a0/69/s2a06938f2c1b3aef0af49c2171d63e44523ff70d5.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/f4/6f/s2f46f040c54b51dfd7a87b62bbc76fad95312ed7b.jpg

Параметры (технические характеристики): Empty weight of the locomotive, t 45.2–47.2 Design speed, km/h 55 / Weight in working condition, t Without tender — 51.2–53.2; with tender — 112 Maximum power at wheel rim, hp 600 Empty weight of the locomotive, t 45.2–47.2 Coupling weight of the locomotive, t 51.2–53.2 Tender type Four-axle Full wheelbase of the locomotive with tender, mm 14,297 Length of the locomotive with tender over buffers, mm 18,721 Diameter of driving wheels, mm 1,220 Smallest radius of the passable curve, m 78 Steam pressure in the boiler, kg/cm² 12 Furnace type Crampton Grate area, m² 1.85 Full evaporating heating surface of the boiler (water), m² 152.6 Number of smoke tubes, pcs. 190 Smoke tube diameter (outer), mm 51 Superheater type No Heating type Coal, manual Machine type Compound (double expansion) Number of cylinders, pcs. 2 Cylinder diameter, mm 500 and 730 Piston stroke, mm 650 Spool diameter Flat Frame type Sheet Thickness, mm 33 Steam distribution system Walschaert Empty tender weight, t 23.5 Tender weight with full water and coal supply, t 63.5 Water supply, m³ 23 Coal supply, t 17 Permissible height of coal volume side extension, mm 340 Trolley type Riveted with single spring suspension

План: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/aa/ac/aaacd5324d8402a3ea893be7021d77d4decc613e.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/d8/3a/d83a88c94b95dc306e822ae4d0fbfa876188669d.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/bb/e8/bbe86ea31e107811ee4995454da452f4894d17b6.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/6e/1b/6e1b59100d6d99f11eb98d58c46b169f0c84d8ce.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/60/f3/60f32353f56175ee62a4894ca0c4da0f6b993990.jpg

План 1000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/aa/ac/s1aaacd5324d8402a3ea893be7021d77d4decc613e.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/d8/3a/s1d83a88c94b95dc306e822ae4d0fbfa876188669d.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/bb/e8/s1bbe86ea31e107811ee4995454da452f4894d17b6.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/6e/1b/s16e1b59100d6d99f11eb98d58c46b169f0c84d8ce.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/60/f3/s160f32353f56175ee62a4894ca0c4da0f6b993990.jpg

План 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/aa/ac/s2aaacd5324d8402a3ea893be7021d77d4decc613e.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/d8/3a/s2d83a88c94b95dc306e822ae4d0fbfa876188669d.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/bb/e8/s2bbe86ea31e107811ee4995454da452f4894d17b6.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/6e/1b/s26e1b59100d6d99f11eb98d58c46b169f0c84d8ce.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/60/f3/s260f32353f56175ee62a4894ca0c4da0f6b993990.jpg

Хронология: <space=1em>The "normal type 1892 and 1893" locomotives were designated Od (d - small), and the "1897 type" machines were designated OD (D - large). Changes continued to be made to the design of the O series locomotives, and thus new types of this series with indexes appeared. The "normal type 1901 and 1904" locomotives with a compound machine and a conventional Walschaert steam distribution mechanism were designated OV. Locomotives with a Walschaert steam distribution mechanism, modified by the Kolomna plant and having a Kuhn loop (Kuhnsche Schleife) were designated OK. They were produced from 1903 to 1907, with a total of 344 machines of this type. <space=1em>The OV steam locomotives continued to be produced at the Lugansk plant for industrial needs until 1928. In total, more than 9,000 O series steam locomotives of all indexes were built. This was the most mass-produced series of steam locomotives in the Russian Empire. <space=1em>From the mid-1910s to the mid-1940s, many O series steam locomotives were equipped with armor. These locomotives took part in the Civil War and two world wars as part of armored trains. For such service, the small "sheep" were better suited than more powerful machines with a long base, high axle load and high boiler location. <space=1em>Freight locomotive OV 6640 with a four-axle tender of freight locomotive OL 1236 is a locomotive of the "normal type of 1901", built at the Putilov Plant in 1902. <space=1em>It was originally called a locomotive of the "government type of 1901". And in 1914, while working on the Southwestern Railways, it was assigned the designation OV 6640. After the Civil War, the locomotive ended up on the Yekaterininskaya Railway. In the 1930s, it performed shunting work at the Kyiv-Petrovka station. During the Great Patriotic War, it took part in battles as an armored locomotive, was captured by the enemy, recaptured and sent for repairs to the Yaroslavl Locomotive Repair Plant. In 1945, the locomotive was dismantled and transferred to the Lithuanian Railway. <space=1em>In January 1961, the locomotive was transferred to the Kaliningrad Council of National Economy. Then it returned to the tracks of the Ministry of Railways and was used in filming. It was transferred to the museum from the Kaliningrad locomotive depot in 1998. <space=1em>Unlike most of the rolling stock collection of the October Railway Museum, this locomotive was not transferred to the Russian Railway Museum, but to the locomotive service of the October Railway, and it was returned to working condition by OOO ZhD-Retroservice.

Блоки описания: [{"quote":"In 1892, the concept of a “standard-type steam locomotive” was introduced in Russia, referring to a locomotive built to standardised specifications.","title":"","images":[],"content":"In 1892, the concept of a “standard-type steam locomotive” or “standard steam locomotive” was introduced on Russian railways, referring to a locomotive designed to meet standardised specifications. The early standard steam locomotives of the 1892, 1893, and 1897 types featured four driving wheelsets (wheel arrangement 0-4-0), a Joy valve gear, and a compound engine. This compound system directed steam first into the smaller-diameter high-pressure cylinder (on the right), and then, after use, into the low-pressure cylinder (on the left) with a larger diameter.","subtitle":"Standard Steam Locomotive"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The compound concept, which reduces the temperature difference in the cylinders during the working stroke and thus minimises heat loss from steam condensation, was specifically designed to save fuel. However, despite its many advantages, standard steam locomotives with Joy valve gear demonstrated lower efficiency, consuming more fuel per unit of work than their predecessors. These earlier locomotives, despite having simpler (with same-size cylinders) engines and a more archaic valve gear with a sliding block mechanism inside the frame, proved to be more economical.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"Steam Distribution","images":[],"content":"Research conducted from 1898 to 1900 on the Kharkiv—Nikolaev Railway revealed that the 1897 standard steam locomotives had unsatisfactory steam distribution. In response, Engineer Yury Lomonosov proposed a project to redesign their valve gear. However, subsequent tests of the modified steam locomotives showed that these changes were insufficient.\r\n \r\nIn 1899, the Kolomna Machine-Building Plant constructed two steam locomotives for the Southwestern Railway featuring a Walschaerts valve gear modified by the Kolomna Locomotive Works. They also included other modifications, such as a reduction in the surface heating and an increase in cylinders diameter, which led to an imbalance between the boiler and the engine. Although the first 0-4-0 steam locomotives with Walschaerts valve gear thus proved unsuccessful, the failure was not attributed to the valve gear itself.\r\n \r\nIn 1901, the 23rd Advisory Congress of Traction Service Engineers outlined a series of measures to improve the 1897 standard steam locomotive. These measures included replacing the Joy valve gear with the Walschaerts valve gear, substituting Ramsbottom pressure relief valves with spring-rod valves, and introducing four-axle tenders designed by the Kharkiv Locomotive Works alongside the existing three-axle tenders. In the same year, the Putilov Works began manufacturing steam locomotives that incorporated the decisions made at the congress. These locomotives came to be known as the 1901 standard-type steam locomotives.\r\n \r\nThe 1904 standard-type steam locomotives featured several improvements over the 1901 model, including an increase in boiler steam pressure from 11.5 to 12 kgf\/cm 2 <\/sup>.\r\n \r\nHowever, rising transportation demands and the strengthening of railway tracks allowed for the use of more suitable heavy-duty steam locomotives than the standard 0-4-0 design. So, production of the 1905 standard-type locomotives with a 1-4-0 wheel arrangement began. After this, the orders for 0-4-0 locomotives continued, but they significantly decreased. From 1907 onward, some 0-4-0 locomotives were equipped with superheaters during construction. Additionally, retrofitting previously built standard-type steam locomotives with superheaters became common practice.","subtitle":"Walschaerts Mechanism"},{"quote":"In 1912, Russia implemented a unified system for designating locomotive classes.","title":"Unification","images":[],"content":"In 1912, Russia implemented a unified system for designating steam locomotive classes. Under this system, all standard-type steam locomotives with the 0-4-0 wheel arrangement were assigned the class designation “O”, derived from the word “main”. Steam locomotives of the 1901 and 1904 standard types, featuring a compound engine and a Walschaerts valve gear with a Gounod loop, were designated as class O V <\/sup>. Steam locomotives equipped with the Walschaerts valve gear, as modified by the Kolomna Locomotive Works, were given the designation OK<\/sup>. These indices reflected the authorship of Walschaerts and the Kolomna Locomotive Works.","subtitle":"Unified Designations"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"For the same reasons, the designation was given to steam locomotives that were equipped with a Joy valve gear: 1892 and 1893 standard types—O D <\/sup>, 1897 standard type—O D <\/sup>, and those with steam distribution modified at the suggestion of Yury Lomonosov—O L <\/sup>. 0-4-0 steam locomotives with superheaters were designated as O P <\/sup>.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"The class O with all indexes was the most widespread in the Russian Empire.","title":"","images":[],"content":"Steam locomotives of the class O V <\/sup> were produced until 1928. As for the class O locomotives of all variations, approximately 8,000 units were produced. This makes it the most widely-produced class of steam locomotives in the Russian Empire.","subtitle":"The Most Widely-Produced Class"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"From the mid-1910s to the mid-1940s, many class O steam locomotives were fitted with armour plating. They participated in two World Wars and the Civil War as part of armoured trains. The smaller locomotives were better suited for this service than the ones with higher capacity, a longer base and higher boiler position.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"The museum displays one of the oldest O V <\/sup> steam locomotives. It worked for years on the railways, participated in the Great Patriotic War, and even appeared in movies.","title":"","images":[],"content":"The 1901 standard-type steam locomotive was built at the Putilov Works in 1902. The designation O V <\/sup> 6640 was assigned in 1914, when the locomotive was operating on the Southwestern Railway. After the Civil War, the locomotive ended up on the Yekaterininsky Railway.","subtitle":"Museum exhibit"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"In the 1930s, the locomotive was used for shunting at the Kyiv–Petrivka Station. During the Great Patriotic War, it served as an armoured locomotive, was captured by the enemy, recaptured, and sent for repairs at the Yaroslavl Electric Locomotive Repair Plant. In 1945, the armour was removed, and the locomotive was transferred to the Lithuanian Railways. From 1953 to 1956, the Lithuanian Railways were merged with the Estonian and Latvian Railways into the Baltic Railway, then restored.","subtitle":""}]

Характеристики (блоками): [{"name":"Manufacturing plant","type":"text","value":"Putilov","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"The factory number","type":"text","value":"Unknown","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Year","type":"number","value":"1902","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Weight in working condition without tender, t","type":"number","value":"51.2–53.2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Weight in working condition with tender, t","type":"number","value":"112","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Design speed, km\/h","type":"number","value":"55","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Maximum power at the wheel rim, hp","type":"number","value":"600","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"General data","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Empty weight of a steam locomotive, t","type":"number","value":"45.2–47.2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Adhesive weight of a steam locomotive, t","type":"number","value":"51.2–53.2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Complete wheelbase of a steam locomotive with tender, mm","type":"number","value":"14 297","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Length of locomotive with tender by buffers, mm","type":"number","value":"18,721","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Diameter of driving wheels, mm","type":"number","value":"1 220","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Minimum radius of a passable curve, m","type":"number","value":"78","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Tender type","type":"text","value":"Four-axle","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Boiler","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Steam pressure, kg\/cm2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"12","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Firebox type","type":"text","value":"Crampton","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Grate area, m2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"1.85","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Total evaporating heating surface of the boiler (water), m2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"152.6","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Number of smoke tubes, pcs.","type":"number","value":"190","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Smoke tube diameter (outer), mm","type":"number","value":"51","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Superheater type","type":"number","value":"No","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Type of heating","type":"text","value":"Coal, manual","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Car and crew","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Machine type","type":"text","value":"Compound (double expansion)","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Number of cylinders, pcs.","type":"number","value":"2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Cylinder diameter, mm","type":"number","value":"500–730","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Piston stroke, mm","type":"number","value":"650","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Diameter of valves","type":"text","value":"Flat","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Steam distribution system, t","type":"text","value":"Walschaer","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Tender","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Empty weight, t","type":"number","value":"23.5","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Weight with full supply of water and coal, t","type":"number","value":"63.5","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Water supply, m3<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"23","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Coal stock, t","type":"number","value":"17","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Permissible height of the sides of the coal volume, mm","type":"number","value":"340","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Frame thickness, mm","type":"number","value":"33","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Frame type","type":"text","value":"Sheet","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Type of trolleys","type":"text","value":"Riveted","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Suspension","type":"text","value":"Single spring","is_two_colls":false}]

История (блоками): [{"year":"1892","content":"The concept of a “standard locomotive” was introduced in Russia."},{"year":"1901","content":"After modernisation, the standard steam locomotive was reintroduced as the 1901 standard steam locomotive."},{"year":"1902","content":"The O V <\/sup> 6640 steam locomotive was built at the Putilov Works."},{"year":"1904","content":"The steam locomotive was modernised and designated as the 1904 standard steam locomotive."},{"year":"1912","content":"A system of class designation was established in Russia. 1901 and 1904 standard-type steam locomotives were designated as the class O V <\/sup>."},{"year":"1928","content":"Production of the O V <\/sup> steam locomotives ceased."},{"year":"1961","content":"The O V <\/sup> 6640 steam locomotive was transferred to the Kaliningrad Regional Economic Soviet."},{"year":"1998","content":"The OV<\/sup> 6640 steam locomotive became an exhibit at the Russian Railway Museum."}]

Чертежи (блоками): [{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/aa\/ac\/s2aaacd5324d8402a3ea893be7021d77d4decc613e.jpg","title":"General view of the brake device"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/d8\/3a\/s2d83a88c94b95dc306e822ae4d0fbfa876188669d.jpg","title":"Общий вид тендера"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/bb\/e8\/s2bbe86ea31e107811ee4995454da452f4894d17b6.jpg","title":"General view of the locomotive (cross views)"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/6e\/1b\/s26e1b59100d6d99f11eb98d58c46b169f0c84d8ce.jpg","title":"General view of the locomotive (longitudinal section and plan)"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/60\/f3\/s260f32353f56175ee62a4894ca0c4da0f6b993990.jpg","title":"Exterior view of a steam locomotive"}]

Модель (деталка): OV 6640

Заголовок (деталка): Freight locomotive

Подвал описания: In January 1961, the steam locomotive was transferred to the Kaliningrad Regional Economic Soviet. Then it returned to the Ministry of Railways routes and was used in filming. It was transferred to the museum from the Kaliningrad Locomotive Depot in 1998.

Заголовок истории: Chronology

Mnemonic code: 33

Code in external DB source: 346

Name: ОV 6640

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Russian Railways Museum

Exhibits

Steam locomotives

О<sup>V</sup> 6640