Exhibits

Steam locomotives

9P-15387

<space=1em>How it works

<space=1em>Tank locomotive (from English "tank" — capacity) — a locomotive that does not have a tender. Water and fuel reserves are in tanks (capacities) on the locomotive itself. On domestic railways, they were used mainly for shunting work at stations and access roads of industrial enterprises.

<space=1em>During the industrialization period in the 1930s in the Soviet Union, there was intensive industrial growth, as a result of which both the modernization of existing factories and plants and the construction of new ones were carried out. Most enterprises and construction sites had railway access roads, the length of which at large enterprises could reach several hundred kilometers.

<space=1em>At the same time, the need to replenish the industrial locomotive fleet could not be satisfied by simply transferring obsolete locomotives from public railway tracks. Firstly, obsolete locomotives were actively used for shunting work on the railways themselves, and secondly, the operating conditions of locomotives on sidings were very different from work on public railway tracks.

<space=1em>Shunting locomotives in industry did not need high power, but they did require frequent stops, travel along small-radius curves (50 m or less), and small dimensions of the locomotive itself for work in cramped conditions of warehouses, workshops and industrial stations. In addition, in most cases, the places where locomotives were equipped with coal and fuel were located close to their place of work. Tank locomotives were ideal for all these conditions.

<space=1em>Tank locomotives in the USSR

<space=1em>By the second half of the 1930s the most common industrial tank locomotive of domestic construction was the 0-3-0 T48 series locomotive and its modifications. In the period 1929–1935 about 400 of such locomotives were built at the Nevsky Plant in Leningrad. However, due to the completion of locomotive construction at the Nevsky Plant, their construction was discontinued. In addition, the T48 locomotives were not adapted to new manufacturing technologies, in particular, to the use of welding.

<space=1em>The problem of replenishing the industry's locomotive fleet was partially solved by purchasing tank locomotives for new construction abroad in Czechoslovakia, Germany, and the USA. However, it was not possible to fully satisfy the industry's needs in this way, primarily due to a shortage of foreign currency.

<space=1em>New Project

<space=1em>In 1934–1935 NKTP Locomotive Project designed three types of tank locomotives: 4P with an axle arrangement of 0-2-0, 5P with an axle arrangement of 0-3-0 and an adhesion weight of 73.4 t and 9P with an axle arrangement of 0-3-0 and an adhesion weight of 45 t. Steam locomotives 4P were built in small quantities, series 5P remained a project. Locomotives of series 9P were destined to become the most mass-produced tank locomotives of domestic construction.

<space=1em>Serial production of steam locomotives 9P was organized at the Kolomna Plant (factory type 164). The first was released by June 1 1936. In 1936 the Kolomna Plant built 56 machines of the series 9P. In 1937 and 1938 9P locomotives were produced at the Novocherkassk Locomotive Plant, about 80 units were built. However, due to the transfer of the Novocherkassk plant to the People's Commissariat of Armaments, the production of steam locomotives there ceased.

<space=1em>Variant from Kolomna

<space=1em>Since 1939 the construction of 9P was resumed in Kolomna. At the same time, changes were made to the design: the volume of water tanks was increased to 6.5 m3, the water purifier was eliminated, equipment for electric lighting and others were installed. In 1939–1941 the Kolomna Plant built about 150 machines of the 9P series. In 1941 it was planned to produce two experimental steam locomotives equipped with superheaters, which would have significantly improved the efficiency of the locomotive, however, it has not yet been possible to establish whether these plans were realized.

<space=1em>Mass production

<space=1em>Truly mass production of steam locomotives series 9P was launched after the end of the Great Patriotic War at the Murom Locomotive Plant. Between 1946 and 1957, about 3,000 locomotives of the series 9P were built in Murom. Quite unusual for domestic steam locomotive construction was the numbering of some of the machines in a four- and five-digit format (for example, 8172 or 21582). In these numbers, the second or third digit denoted the second digit of the year of construction. 8172 — 1951, 21582 — 1955 This numbering system was never used on any other domestic steam locomotive.

<space=1em>From October 1 1955 the plant began producing modernized steam locomotives, which received the 9PM series. They have increased the volume of water tanks to 8 m3, installed an air sandbox, improved braking system etc. Locomotive 9PM 505, built by the Murom Locomotive Plant in 1957, became the last broad-gauge locomotive produced in the Soviet Union.

<space=1em>In total, the Kolomensky, Novocherkassk and Murom Locomotive Plants built about 3,300 9P and 9PM locomotives in 1936–1957.

<space=1em>Operation

<space=1em>9P locomotives operated throughout the Soviet Union from Vladivostok to Brest and from Norilsk to Central Asia. These machines could be seen both on the tracks of the metallurgical giants of the Urals and Kuzbass, where several dozen 9Ps operated, and on the tracks of small enterprises, where the entire locomotive fleet consisted of one or two 9P steam locomotives.

<space=1em>The operation of the "nines", as the 9Ps were affectionately nicknamed by railway workers, basically ended in the 1970s when industrial enterprises received a sufficient number of diesel locomotives to replace them. In some places, these locomotives could be seen in operation in the early 1980s. For example, at TEC-5 "Red October" in Leningrad, the 9P 19489 locomotive was in operation until 1981.

<space=1em>Another significant page in the history of the 9P was their operation in locomotive depots of the railway network of the Ministry of Railways. If most of the locomotives were transferred from the tracks of the Ministry of Railways to work at industrial enterprises, then the 9P, on the contrary, after working in industry, were sent to the tracks of the Ministry of Railways.

<space=1em>The reason for this was the need to replace tank locomotives of obsolete types, which worked in shunting depots, mainly of the fan type. And here the compact dimensions of the 9P turned out to be in demand. The process of transferring 9P to the MPS tracks began in the 1960s, when a gradual transition from steam to diesel traction began on the tracks of industrial enterprises.

<space=1em>The 9P and 9PM locomotives were used in the MPS locomotive depots until the early 1990s. As of January 1 1992, the inventory fleet of the USSR MPS included 15 steam locomotives of the 9P and 9PM series. The last depots to operate the "nines" were Yaroslavl-Moskovsky, Troitsk, Zlatoust and Sharya.

<space=1em>Museum exhibit

<space=1em>Steam locomotive 9П 15387 was built by the Murom Locomotive Plant in 1953 It was delivered to the sidings of the Estonslanets trust in the vicinity of the city of Kohtla-Järve. In 1964 it was transferred to the October Railway and in February it was delivered to the Dno depot for operation. It was used for shunting work on the depot tracks until the early 1980s, and then in 1987 it was transferred to the collection of full-scale rolling stock of the Central Museum of the October Railway.

<space=1em>In November 1987 the locomotive was exhibited at an exhibition dedicated to the 150th anniversary of domestic railways at Pavlovsk station. Later the locomotive was in museum exhibits in Shushary and at the former Varshavsky railway station in St. Petersburg.

ID экспоната: 48

Аудио: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/8a/30/8a30d8b07af36fb70b4428d043a7f4cf7a13f641.ogg

Галерея изображений: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/08/1d/s1081d7483cb7f33a234ac880138b54f39e3e022b8.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/81/46/s181465d0c68b6fb17f61dfa15222c92eafa8637b9.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1c/b7/s11cb7832cf64af5a1bf94a783f928e262f7897465.jpg

Галерея изображений (оригинал): http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/08/1d/081d7483cb7f33a234ac880138b54f39e3e022b8.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/81/46/81465d0c68b6fb17f61dfa15222c92eafa8637b9.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1c/b7/1cb7832cf64af5a1bf94a783f928e262f7897465.jpg

Галерея изображений 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/08/1d/s2081d7483cb7f33a234ac880138b54f39e3e022b8.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/81/46/s281465d0c68b6fb17f61dfa15222c92eafa8637b9.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1c/b7/s21cb7832cf64af5a1bf94a783f928e262f7897465.jpg

Параметры (технические характеристики): Length, mm 9,960 Height, mm 3,900 / Adhesive weight, kg 55,200 Nominal traction force, kg 9,300 Design speed, km/h 35 Steam pressure, kg/cm² 13 Grate area, m² 1.85 Distance between tubular grates, mm 3,250 Evaporating surface, m² Furnace — 8.36; Smoke tubes — 83.2; Total — 91.56 Furnace volume, m³ 2.08 Volume of steam space, m³ 1.52 Evaporator mirror, m² 5.77 Gas passage, m² 0.266 Fuel reserve, t 2 Water reserve, t 6,525

План: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/e7/1b/e71b5f8988129a137fb28a0793a1545476b14f4f.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/49/1c/491c9b017aec8877064c330bcf7c44f34e44528b.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/db/22/db22933163f4e59e0c63c27ef87a747550e349e6.jpg

План 1000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/e7/1b/s1e71b5f8988129a137fb28a0793a1545476b14f4f.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/49/1c/s1491c9b017aec8877064c330bcf7c44f34e44528b.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/db/22/s1db22933163f4e59e0c63c27ef87a747550e349e6.jpg

План 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/e7/1b/s2e71b5f8988129a137fb28a0793a1545476b14f4f.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/49/1c/s2491c9b017aec8877064c330bcf7c44f34e44528b.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/db/22/s2db22933163f4e59e0c63c27ef87a747550e349e6.jpg

Хронология: <space=1em>The Kolomensky Plant Locomotive Design Bureau (NKPS Lokomotive Project) developed the 9P steam locomotive design in 1934–1935. 9P is the ninth design, sometimes referred to as type 164 according to the pre-revolutionary design specifications. The main emphasis in the design was on mass production. Welding and stamping began to be used in production, so locomotives of older designs were not suitable for implementation. <space=1em>In 1936, the Kolomensky Plant produced the first locomotive in this series, the 9P-1 (factory number 7333/1936). In total, the plant built 55 locomotives in 1936. In 1937 and 1938, locomotives of this series were produced by the newly built Novocherkassk Locomotive Plant (80 machines in total). Taking into account the operating experience, the Kolomensky Plant modified the design and managed to produce another 142 locomotives from 1939 to 1941 (the last one with the serial number 8193/1941). The last 10 machines were not equipped with superheaters. <space=1em>During the modification, the volume of water tanks was increased, a fully welded boiler was used, a steam dryer was installed, the water purifier was removed, the design of the cabin roof and the rear coal box was changed, and a steam turbine was added for electric lighting. The weight of the locomotive in its modified form was 55.2 tons. <space=1em>In the post-war period, Project 9P locomotives were built by the Murom Locomotive Plant named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky, which had previously only been engaged in repairs. Between 1946 and 1957, the plant built more than 2,500 steam locomotives, and between 1955 and 1957, the plant built them with slightly modified designs of individual parts. These locomotives had the designation 9PM series. <space=1em>These locomotives worked not only in industry, but also on the tracks of the Ministry of Railways. The most famous is 9P-742, which worked until the end of the 80s at the Alexandrov depot. Now it is installed as a monument at the Bolshaya Volga station. <space=1em>Today, the 9P-19489 steam locomotive, which belongs to the Central Museum of Railway Transport, is in working order. <space=1em>About 50 locomotives of the 9P and 9PM series have been preserved as monuments and museum exhibits, including installations at industrial enterprises. <space=1em>The 9P-15387 locomotive housed in the museum was built by the F. E. Dzerzhinsky Murom Locomotive Plant in 1954. From there, the locomotive was sent to work on the sidings of the Estonslanets trust in the vicinity of the city of Kohtla-Järve. In 1964, the locomotive was transferred to the October Railway and in February it was sent to the Dno depot for operation. The locomotive was used for shunting work on the depot tracks until the early 1980s, and then, in 1987, it was transferred to the collection of full-scale rolling stock being created at the Central Museum of the October Railway. In November 1987, the locomotive was exhibited at an exhibition dedicated to the 150th anniversary of domestic railways at Pavlovsk station. Later, the locomotive was on display in museums in Shushary and at the former Warsaw Station in St. Petersburg.

Блоки описания: [{"quote":"Water and fuel reserves on tank locomotives were stored in cisterns (tanks) on the steam locomotive itself.","title":"","images":[],"content":"A tank locomotive, derived from the English word “tank” meaning “cistern”, is a type of steam locomotive without a tender. Instead, it stores its water and fuel directly in tanks (cisterns) mounted on the steam locomotive itself. In domestic railways, they were primarily used for shunting operations at stations and branch lines of industrial enterprises.","subtitle":"How it works"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"During the industrialisation period of the 1930s, the Soviet Union experienced rapid industrial growth, leading to the modernisation of existing factories and the construction of new ones. Most of these enterprises and construction sites were equipped with railway branch lines, often extending several hundred kilometres at large facilities.\r\n \r\nHowever, the growing demand for industrial locomotives could not be met by simply transferring outdated steam locomotives from public railways. Firstly, these obsolete steam locomotives were still in active use for shunting tasks on public railways. Secondly, the operating conditions of steam locomotives on branch lines differed greatly from those on public railways.\r\n \r\nWhile high capacity was not required for shunters in industrial settings, steam locomotives needed to make frequent stops, navigate tight-radius curves (50 m or less), and be compact enough to operate in confined spaces, such as warehouses, workshops, and industrial stations. Additionally, fuel and coal supply points were typically located near the areas where the steam locomotives operated. Tank locomotives were perfectly suited to meet these requirements.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"Tank Locomotives in the USSR","images":[],"content":"By the mid-1930s, the most widely produced industrial tank locomotive of domestic design was the 0-3-0 type T48 class and its modifications. Between 1929 and 1935, approximately 400 of these locomotives were manufactured at the Nevsky Plant in Leningrad. However, with the cessation of locomotive production at the Nevsky Plant, their manufacturing was discontinued. In addition, the T48 steam locomotives were not adapted to newer manufacturing technologies, such as welding.\r\n\r\nTo address the need for industrial steam locomotives, the Soviet Union partially relied on purchasing tank locomotives for new facilities from abroad, specifically from Czechoslovakia, Germany, and the USA. However, this approach could not fully meet the industry’s needs, mainly due to a shortage of foreign currency.","subtitle":"Old Version"},{"quote":"The 9P class became the most widely produced tank locomotive in the USSR.","title":"","images":[],"content":"In 1934–1935, the Lokomotivoproekt Bureau of the People’s Commissariat of Heavy Industry designed three types of tank locomotives: 4P with 0-2-0 axle arrangement, 5P with 0-3-0 axle arrangement and a coupling weight of 73.4 t, and 9P with 0-3-0 axle arrangement and a coupling weight of 45 t. 4P steam locomotives were built in small quantities, and the 5P class was never built. The 9P class locomotives were set to become the most widely produced domestically built tank locomotives.","subtitle":"New Design"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"Mass production of the 9P steam locomotives began at the Kolomna Locomotive Works (factory type 164), with the first one released by 1st June 1936. In total, the Kolomna Locomotive Works built 56 9P machines in 1936. In 1937 and 1938, the 9P locomotives were manufactured at the Novocherkassk Steam Locomotive Plant, where about 80 machines were built. However, due to the transfer of the Novocherkassk Plant to the People’s Commissariat of Armaments system, the production of steam locomotives there ceased.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"Construction of the 9P class resumed in Kolomna in 1939. At the same time, the design was modified: the volume of the water tanks was increased to 6.5 m³, the water purifier was removed, and electric lighting equipment was installed, among other changes. Between 1939 and 1941, the Kolomna Locomotive Works produced about 150 machines of the 9P class. In 1941, plans were made to produce two experimental steam locomotives equipped with superheaters, which would have significantly improved their efficiency. However, it has not yet been determined whether these plans were ever realised.","subtitle":"Version from Kolomna"},{"quote":"A total of 3,300 9P and 9P M<\/sup> steam locomotives were produced.","title":"","images":[],"content":"Mass production of 9P steam locomotives began after the end of the Great Patriotic War at the Murom Steam Locomotive Plant. Between 1946 and 1957, approximately 3,000 9P locomotives were built in Murom. Unusually for domestic steam locomotive construction, some machines were numbered using four- and five-digit formats (e.g., 8172 or 21582). There, the second or third digit represented the last digit of the production year. 8172—1951, 21582—1955. This numbering system was never used on any other domestic steam locomotive.\r\n \r\nStarting 1st October 1955, the plant began producing modernised steam locomotives, designated as the 9PM<\/sup> series. These featured larger water tanks (8 m³<\/sup>), an air sandbox, an improved braking system, and other upgrades. The 9PM-505 locomotive, built by the Murom Steam Locomotive Plant in 1957, became the last broad-gauge steam locomotive ever produced in the Soviet Union.","subtitle":"Mass Production"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"In total, between 1936 and 1957 the Kolomna, Novocherkassk, and Murom Steam Locomotive Plants built about 3,300 9P and 9PM<\/sup> steam locomotives.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"Operation","images":[],"content":"9P locomotives operated across the Soviet Union, from Vladivostok to Brest and from Norilsk to Central Asia. These locomotives could be found on the tracks of large metallurgical enterprises in the Urals and Kuzbass, where several dozen 9Ps were in service, as well as at small enterprises, where the entire locomotive fleet often consisted of just one or two 9P steam locomotives.\r\n \r\nThe operation of the “nines”, as the 9P was affectionately called by railway workers, largely ended in the 1970s when industrial enterprises acquired enough diesel locomotives to replace them. In some places, these steam locomotives remained in operation into the early 1980s. For instance, the 9P-19489 locomotive was still in service at TPP-5 “Red October” in Leningrad until 1981.\r\n \r\nAnother notable chapter in the history of the 9Ps was their use in locomotive depots of the Ministry of Railways network. While most steam locomotives were transferred from the Ministry of Railways network to industrial enterprises, the 9Ps, on the contrary, were often sent to the Ministry of Railways network after working in industry.\r\n \r\nThis was due to the need to replace obsolete tank locomotives used for shunting operations mainly in roundhouses. The compact dimensions of the 9P made it particularly well-suited for these tasks. The transfer of 9P locomotives to the Ministry of Railways tracks began in the 1960s, coinciding with the gradual transition from steam to diesel traction on industrial railway lines.\r\n \r\nIn the locomotive depots of the Ministry of Railways, the 9P and 9PM<\/sup> locomotives remained in use until the early 1990s. As of 1st January 1992, the inventory of the USSR Ministry of Railways included 15 9P and 9PM<\/sup> steam locomotives. The last depots to operate the “nines” were Yaroslavl-Moskovsky, Troitsk, Zlatoust, and Sharya.","subtitle":"All over the country"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"9P-15387 steam locomotive was built by the Murom Steam Locomotive Plant in 1953 and initially was used at the branch lines of the Estonslanets Trust near the city of Kohtla-Järve. In 1964, it was transferred to the Oktyabrskaya Railway and began operation at the Dno Depot in February of that year. It remained in use for shunting work on depot tracks until the early 1980s. In 1987, the locomotive was added to the collection of full-scale rolling stock being assembled at the Central Museum of the Oktyabrskaya Railway. In November 1987, it was displayed at an exhibition celebrating the 150th anniversary of domestic railways at Pavlovsk station.","subtitle":"Museum Exhibit"}]

Характеристики (блоками): [{"name":"Length, mm","type":"number","value":"9 960","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Height, mm","type":"number","value":"3 900","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Hitch weight, kg","type":"number","value":"55 200","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Conditional traction force, kg","type":"number","value":"9 300","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Design speed, km\/h","type":"number","value":"35","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Boiler","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Steam pressure, kg\/cm2<\/sup>, gauge","type":"number","value":"13","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Grate area, m2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"1.85","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Distance between tubular gratings, mm","type":"number","value":"3 250","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Smoke pipes","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Firebox volume, m3<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"2,08","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Vapor space volume, m3<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"1,52","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Evaporator mirror, m2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"5,77","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Gas passage, m2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"0,266","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Fuel reserve, t","type":"number","value":"2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Water supply, t","type":"number","value":"6,525","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Car","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Bore and stroke, mm","type":"number","value":"2 х 500 х 500","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Driving wheels, mm","type":"number","value":"1 050","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Intake cover, mm","type":"number","value":"32","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Exhaust cover","type":"text","value":"0","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Preadmission, mm","type":"number","value":"4","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Spool diameter, mm","type":"number","value":"200","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Steam distribution","type":"text","value":"Geisinger","is_two_colls":false}]

История (блоками): [{"year":"1934–1935","content":"The Lokomotivoproekt Bureau of the People’s Commissariat of Heavy Industry of the USSR designed the 9P tank locomotives."},{"year":"1st June 1936","content":"The first 9P steam locomotive was produced at the Kolomna Locomotive Works."},{"year":"1946–1955","content":"9P steam locomotives were produced by the Murom Steam Locomotive Plant named after Dzerzhinsky."},{"year":"1953","content":"The Murom Pant built the 9P-15387 steam locomotive, which later became a museum exhibit."},{"year":"October 1, 1955","content":"The Murom Plant began producing modernised steam locomotives, designated as the 9PM class."},{"year":"1964","content":"9P-15387 steam locomotive was transferred to the Oktyabrskaya Railway."},{"year":"1981","content":"The operation of 9P steam locomotives came to an end."},{"year":"1987","content":"9P-15387 steam locomotive was transferred to the collection of full-scale rolling stock created at the Central Museum of the Oktyabrskaya Railway."},{"year":"November 1987","content":"9P-15387 steam locomotive was displayed at an exhibition celebrating the 150th anniversary of domestic railways at Pavlovsk station."}]

Чертежи (блоками): [{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/e7\/1b\/s2e71b5f8988129a137fb28a0793a1545476b14f4f.jpg","title":"General view of the 9P locomotive"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/49\/1c\/s2491c9b017aec8877064c330bcf7c44f34e44528b.jpg","title":"General view of the 9P locomotive"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/db\/22\/s2db22933163f4e59e0c63c27ef87a747550e349e6.jpg","title":"General view of the 9P locomotive"}]

Модель (деталка): 9P 15387

Заголовок (деталка): Tank Locomotive

Подвал описания: Later on, the steam locomotive was displayed in the museums at Shushary and at the former Varshavsky Station in Saint Petersburg.

Заголовок истории: Chronology

Mnemonic code: 48

Code in external DB source: 407

Name: 9P-15387

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