Exhibits

Steam locomotives

Fireless steam locomotive No. 9305

<space=1em>Stopless Steam Locomotive

<space=1em>The appearance of fireless steam locomotives became possible thanks to the discovery made by the American mechanical engineer Jacob Perkinson. In 1823 he discovered that lowering the pressure in a boiler containing almost boiling water leads to additional steam generation. This fact allowed another American, Emil Lamm, to build the first fireless steam locomotive in 1873. It was intended for the city railway in New Orleans and was supposed to replace the horse-drawn tram.

<space=1em>The boiler of the steam locomotive was filled with steam at 200 °C, and the next refueling was required after 10 km of the traveled distance. Locomotives of a similar design also worked on other city railways in America. Later, such steam locomotives appeared on some urban lines in Europe. However, with the beginning of mass electrification of urban railways, the use of fireless steam locomotives on them came to an end.

<space=1em>Hazardous industries

<space=1em>The appearance of fireless steam locomotives in industrial enterprises in Germany, and later in England, is associated with the German company Orenstein & Koppel, which launched their production at the beginning of the 20th century for use in fire-hazardous industries. Another area of application for fireless steam locomotives was enterprises with a large reserve of process steam, such as power plants and chemical plants. There they were used for reasons of saving money on intra-plant transportation.

<space=1em>The leaders in the production of fireless steam locomotives were the German factories Orenstein & Koppel, Hanomag and Schwarzkopf, as well as the English firms Andrew Barclay Sons & Co and W.G. Bagnall. Other factories also built such locomotives. In addition, there was a practice of converting obsolete steam locomotives of conventional design into fireless ones (for example, converting the German series 89 and 91). The last fireless steam locomotives were built in the GDR, in the early 1980s.

<space=1em>The first in Russia

<space=1em>The first fireless steam locomotive in Russia was probably No. 9305 (factory number) built in 1928 by the Schwarzkopf plant in Germany. Unfortunately, among the available sources, it was not possible to find information about the customer of this locomotive and whether it was delivered to the USSR in a single copy or in a small batch. A photograph available in a printed source is captioned as "fireless locomotive for Baku".

<space=1em>It is known that in 1939 the steam locomotive № 9305, which worked at the Tuapse oil refinery, was the only one without a firebox in the USSR. During the period of continuous operation since its construction, it did not require any repairs, except for turning the tires, repairing the drive mechanism and replacing the thermal insulation.

<space=1em>Own project

<space=1em>Based on the experience of operating the Tuapse locomotive, the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Industrial Transport developed in 1939 a draft design for a firebox-less steam locomotive and submitted it for consideration by several people's commissariats. The People's Commissariat of Ferrous Metallurgy took on the project, allocating funds for the development of a technical project and the construction of a prototype.

<space=1em>The project was developed on the basis of the serial 9P steam locomotive of the Kolomna plant. The boiler was manufactured by the Taganrog plant "Krasny Kotelshchik", and the assembly was carried out at the locomotive repair plant "Promparovoz" in Dnepropetrovsk.

<space=1em>The locomotive had the following characteristics: steam pressure 18 atm, boiler volume 20.6 m3, weight in working condition 54 t. According to some sources, the locomotive received the designation BP-9P-01. Tests at the manufacturer were completed July 30 1940, and the locomotive was sent for testing under production conditions to the Dnepropetrovsk Coke and Chemical Plant named after Kalinin. The further fate of this locomotive, unfortunately, is unknown.

<space=1em>Three more locomotives

<space=1em>In 1954–1956 the Murom Locomotive Plant produced three fireless steam locomotives BP1, which had numbers 01–03. The crew part and steam engine for them were also from 9P. The adhesion weight of the locomotives was 58 t, the volume of the boiler — 21 m3, the initial pressure of steam — 16 atm. Steam locomotive BP1 02 in the summer of 1955 passed operational tests, which yielded good results.

<space=1em>The end of an era

<space=1em>The cessation of steam locomotive construction also stopped all work on establishing the production of fireless steam locomotives in the USSR.

<space=1em>It is possible that other types of fireless locomotives were also in operation at industrial enterprises in the Soviet Union. steam locomotives, but exact data on their operation and technical characteristics have not yet been found.

<space=1em>Museum specimen

<space=1em>Stopless steam locomotive № 9305 was built by the Schwarzkopf steam locomotive plant, Germany, in 1928, factory number 9305.

<space=1em>According to available data, from the moment it arrived in the USSR in 1928 the locomotive was operated at the Tuapse Oil Refinery until the 1970s, after which it was inactive on the plant's territory. According to the recollections of plant veterans, in the 1950s–1960s the locomotive pulled a "passenger train" from the plant to the Black Sea coast. The passengers were plant workers who wanted to take a dip in the sea during their lunch break. The train consisted of one two-axle passenger car.

<space=1em>In 1994 the locomotive was purchased from the plant by the Central Museum of the October Railway, loaded onto a railway platform and delivered to the museum site at Shushary station. After being unloaded from the platform onto the railway tracks, the locomotive was on display in museum exhibits in Shushary and at the former Varshavsky railway station in St. Petersburg.

ID экспоната: 69

Галерея изображений: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/7e/ee/s17eee0ab08516970bd30350be3f64005e6fe0be91.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/de/0c/s1de0cbce2365d5e72f6b21608db783ad2e7e880bd.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/48/af/s148af28f298e6cb411e657ee106903ef16ea55ddd.jpg

Галерея изображений (оригинал): http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/7e/ee/7eee0ab08516970bd30350be3f64005e6fe0be91.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/de/0c/de0cbce2365d5e72f6b21608db783ad2e7e880bd.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/48/af/48af28f298e6cb411e657ee106903ef16ea55ddd.jpg

Галерея изображений 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/7e/ee/s27eee0ab08516970bd30350be3f64005e6fe0be91.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/de/0c/s2de0cbce2365d5e72f6b21608db783ad2e7e880bd.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/48/af/s248af28f298e6cb411e657ee106903ef16ea55ddd.jpg

Исторические фото: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/81/b1/s181b162bc1e0f69188d327cb3505f87196433614a.jpg

Параметры (технические характеристики): Empty weight, t 36 Max boiler steam pressure, atm 25 / Axle arrangement 0-3-0 Maximum steam pressure in the boiler, atm 25 Full wheelbase of the locomotive, mm 3,000 Length of the locomotive by buffers, mm 9,080 Diameter of driving wheels, mm 950 Steam pressure, kg/cm² 25 Furnace type None Number of cylinders, pcs. 2 Cylinder diameter, mm 570 Piston stroke, mm 650 Spool diameter, mm 200 Frame type Sheet Frame thickness, mm 15 Steam distribution system Walschaert

План: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/c1/04/c1047713513e195fbf2e2f8e1273019e621f19e9.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/78/03/780309dfc94291a8e1bb9b0d02b6903ff0ded107.jpg

План 1000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/c1/04/s1c1047713513e195fbf2e2f8e1273019e621f19e9.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/78/03/s1780309dfc94291a8e1bb9b0d02b6903ff0ded107.jpg

План 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/c1/04/s2c1047713513e195fbf2e2f8e1273019e621f19e9.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/78/03/s2780309dfc94291a8e1bb9b0d02b6903ff0ded107.jpg

Хронология: <space=1em>For access roads of fire-hazardous enterprises, back in the late 19th century, they began to use unfired or, as they said then, "fireless" steam locomotives. That is, steam locomotives that receive steam from outside, from a stationary installation. <space=1em>The advantage was that such steam locomotives almost did not require boiler repairs and frequent boiler cleaning from scale. But the constant attachment to the refueling point made their use very specific and limited. <space=1em>The peak of the development of in-plant transport in Russia falls on 1911-1912 - the project of a fireless steam locomotive of the Kolomna Locomotive Plant also dates back to this period. No data on its construction has been found, but it is indicated that the project was made by order of the Shostensky (Shostkinsky) gunpowder plant. Most likely - as a proposal for the customer's request for price and delivery time. The project was developed for both wide and narrow gauges with a width of 855 mm. This is the only evidence of this type of steam locomotives to date. <space=1em>It should be noted that in the period from the late 1920s to the mid-1930s, the USSR purchased a sufficient number of tank locomotives (steam locomotives without a tender) for the enterprises under construction. In particular, for the construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station, Ural, Kuzbass, and Yugostal plants. <space=1em>In 1930, the Schwarzkopf plant built 35 tank locomotives with an axle arrangement of ₀–3–₀ for the Ural and Kuznetsk plants. Steam locomotives were also purchased from other plants in Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Germany. Most likely, this was not the only fireless steam locomotive operating in the USSR. <space=1em>Little is known about the USSR's own construction of fireless steam locomotives. There is information about the assembly of one steam locomotive at the Dnepromash plant in Dnepropetrovsk in 1940 and about the project of the Kolomna plant in 1954 - P37. In this project, the undercarriage and steam engine from the serially produced 9P steam locomotive were used. 9P - the Ninth Project of the Kolomna Steam Locomotive Plant of 1936. <space=1em>The weight of the BP1-01 steam locomotive in working order was 58 tons. The steam boiler had a volume of 21 m³, the initial steam pressure was 18 kg/cm². In 1955-1956, two steam locomotives according to this project were built by the Murom Steam Locomotive Plant. <space=1em>The steam locomotive built by the German Schwartzkopff plant in Berlin is the only steam locomotive of this type that has survived in Russia. This plant built hundreds of steam locomotives for Russian and Soviet railways, including the EG series. <space=1em>The presented steam locomotive with the factory number 9305 was built on August 18, 1928. It was purchased for the oil industry in Baku, later it worked at the Tuapse oil refinery until the 1970s, after which it was inactive on the territory of the plant. In 1994, the Central Museum of the October Railway acquired the steam locomotive from the plant.

Блоки описания: [{"quote":"The first fireless steam locomotive appeared in 1873. It was invented by the American engineer Emil Lamm.","title":"","images":[],"content":"The development of fireless steam locomotives was made possible by a discovery by American mechanical engineer Jacob Perkins. In 1823, he found that reducing the pressure in a boiler containing near-boiling water generated additional steam. This principle enabled another American, Emil Lamm, to build the first fireless steam locomotive in 1873. It was designed for the New Orleans City Railway as a replacement for horse-drawn trams.","subtitle":"Unexpected Discovery"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The steam locomotive’s boiler was filled with steam at 200°C, and it required the next refill after 10 km of travel. Locomotives of similar design also worked on other urban railways in America. Later, such steam locomotives appeared on some city lines in Europe. However, with the beginning of the mass electrification of urban railways, the use of fireless steam locomotives on them was discontinued.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"The fireless steam locomotive literally had no firebox or fire, which made it attractive for fire-hazardous enterprises.","title":"Abroad","images":[],"content":"The introduction of fireless steam locomotives to industrial enterprises in Germany, and later in England, is linked to the German company Orenstein & Koppel, which began their production in the early 20th century for use in fire-hazardous industries. Fireless steam locomotives were also employed at facilities with significant reserves of process steam, such as power plants and chemical plants. There they offered cost-effective solutions for internal transportation.","subtitle":"Hazardous Production Facilities"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The leading producers of fireless steam locomotives included German manufacturers such as Orenstein & Koppel, Hanomag, and Schwarzkopf, alongside British firms Andrew Barclay Sons & Co and W. G. Bagnall. Other plants also participated in the production of these locomotives. Additionally, obsolete steam locomotives of standard design were often converted into fireless models (for example, the modification of German class 89 and 91 locomotives). The last fireless steam locomotives were manufactured in the German Democratic Republic in the early 1980s.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"The first fireless steam locomotive in Russia was built in Germany and operated in Tuapse.","title":"Our Designs","images":[],"content":"In Russia, the first fireless steam locomotive was probably No. 9305 (serial number), built in 1928 by the Schwarzkopf Plant in Germany. Unfortunately, the available sources do not provide information about the customer for this locomotive or clarify whether it was delivered to the USSR as a single unit or as part of a small batch. The caption accompanying the photograph in the printed source identifies it as “a fireless locomotive for Baku”.","subtitle":"First in Russia"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"It is known that in 1939, locomotive No. 9305, which operated at the Tuapse Oil Refinery, was the only one without a firebox in the USSR. Throughout its continuous operation, it required no major repairs, apart from routine maintenance such as wheel trueing, drive mechanism repairs, and thermal insulation replacement.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The experience of operating the Tuapse fireless locomotive prompted the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Industrial Transport to draft a design for a domestic fireless steam locomotive in 1939. The proposal was submitted to several people’s commissariats. The People’s Commissariat of Ferrous Metallurgy undertook the project, allocating funds for the development of a technical design and the construction of a prototype.\r\n\r\nThe design was based on the serial 9P steam locomotive of the Kolomna Locomotive Works. The boiler was produced by the Taganrog Plant “Krasny Kotelshchik”, and the locomotive was assembled at the Steam Locomotive Repair Plant “Promparovoz” in Dnipropetrovsk.\r\n\r\nThe locomotive featured: steam pressure 18 atm, boiler volume 20.6 m3<\/sup>, weight in working condition 54 t. Some sources suggest it was designated as BP-9P-01. Manufacturer testing was completed on 30th July 1940, and the locomotive was sent for field tests at the Dnipropetrovsk Coke and Chemical Plant named after Kalinin. Unfortunately, the subsequent fate of this locomotive remains unknown.","subtitle":"Domestic Design"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"In 1954–1956, the Murom Steam Locomotive Plant produced three BP1 fireless steam locomotives numbered 01–03. Their underframe and steam engine were also adopted from the 9P. The adhesive weight of the locomotives was 58 tons, the boiler volume was 21 m3<\/sup>, and the initial steam pressure was 16 atm. In the summer of 1955, the BP1-02 steam locomotive underwent service tests, which yielded good results.","subtitle":"Three More Locomotives"},{"quote":"","title":"The End of an Era","images":[],"content":"The cessation of steam locomotive construction also halted all efforts to establish fireless steam locomotive production in the USSR.\r\n\r\nWhile it is possible that other types of fireless steam locomotives were in operation at industrial enterprises in the Soviet Union, precise data on their operation and technical characteristics have not yet been discovered.","subtitle":"No Need for Steam Locomotives"},{"quote":"After its main duties ceased, the fireless steam locomotive in Tuapse hauled a single passenger car from the plant to the sea, allowing plant employees to swim during their lunch break.","title":"","images":[],"content":"Fireless steam locomotive No. 9305 was built by the Schwarzkopf Steam Locomotive Plant, Germany, in 1928, under serial number 9305.","subtitle":"Museum Exhibit"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"According to available records, the locomotive arrived in the USSR in 1928 and served at the Tuapse Oil Refinery until the 1970s, after which it remained unused on the plant’s premises. Veterans of the refinery recall that during the 1950s and 1960s, the locomotive hauled a “passenger train” to the Black Sea coast, allowing workers to enjoy a swim during their lunch break. This train consisted of a single two-axle passenger car.\r\n\r\nIn 1994, the locomotive was acquired by the Central Museum of the Oktyabrskaya Railway, mounted on a railway platform, and relocated to the museum site at Shushary station.","subtitle":""}]

Характеристики (блоками): [{"name":"Plant","type":"text","value":"Schwarzkopff, Germany","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Factory locomotive number","type":"number","value":"9305","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Year","type":"number","value":"1928","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Empty weight, t","type":"number","value":"36","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Maximum steam pressure in the boiler, atm.","type":"number","value":"25","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Axial formula","type":"number","value":"0–3–0","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"General data","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Tender type","type":"text","value":"Absent","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"mm","type":"number","value":"3 000","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Locomotive length by buffers, mm","type":"number","value":"9 080","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Diameter of driving wheels, mm","type":"number","value":"950","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Boiler","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Steam pressure, kg\/cm2<\/sup>","type":"number","value":"25","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Firebox type","type":"text","value":"Absent","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Car and crew","type":"text","value":"","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Number of cylinders, pcs.","type":"number","value":"2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Cylinder diameter, mm","type":"number","value":"570","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Piston stroke, mm","type":"number","value":"650","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Spool diameter, mm","type":"number","value":"200","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Frame thickness, mm","type":"number","value":"15","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Frame type","type":"text","value":"Sheet","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Steam distribution system","type":"text","value":"Valsharta","is_two_colls":false}]

История (блоками): [{"year":"1823","content":"The concept of developing a fireless steam locomotive emerged."},{"year":"1873","content":"Emil Lamm created the first fireless steam locomotive."},{"year":"1928","content":"Locomotive No. 9305 was built at the German Schwarzkopf Plant."},{"year":"1939","content":"Locomotive No. 9305 was the only fireless steam locomotive in the USSR."},{"year":"1970s","content":"Locomotive No. 9305 was decommissioned at the Tuapse Oil Refinery."},{"year":"1994","content":"The Central Museum of the Oktyabrskaya Railway acquired locomotive No. 9305."},{"year":"Our times","content":"Locomotive No. 9305 is on display at the Russian Railway Museum in Saint Petersburg."}]

Чертежи (блоками): [{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/c1\/04\/s2c1047713513e195fbf2e2f8e1273019e621f19e9.jpg","title":"Чертёж"},{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/78\/03\/s2780309dfc94291a8e1bb9b0d02b6903ff0ded107.jpg","title":"Drawing"}]

Модель (деталка): No 9305

Заголовок (деталка): Industrial Fireless Steam Locomotive

Подвал описания: After being unloaded from the platform onto the railway tracks, the locomotive was displayed in the museums at Shushary and later at the former Varshavsky Station in Saint Petersburg.

Заголовок истории: Chronology

Mnemonic code: 69

Code in external DB source: 356

Name: Fireless steam locomotive No. 9305

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