Special equipment
№ 910-1045
<space=1em><b>Background</b>
<space=1em>Armored trains were first used in the Anglo-Boer War <nobr>1899-1902</nobr> The English army created armored trains to protect communications from Boer guerrilla formations. Armored trains were also actively used in World War I.
<space=1em>Armored trains were also part of the USSR's weapons system. By <nobr>1941</nobr> the country had built new trains, and then deployed railway air defense batteries.
<space=1em><b>Armored Trains of War</b>
<space=1em>In the first years of the war, armored trains were used to protect bridges and stations. However, they could no longer resist air forces: air defense sites were ineffective in protecting trains due to poor maneuverability.
<space=1em>Armored trains suffered heavy losses until <nobr>1943</nobr> the strategy for their use was changed. Now they were used to protect railway communications of the operational rear, which made it possible to eliminate their losses.
<space=1em><b>New weapons</b>
<space=1em>The Bryansk plant, the only enterprise that produced armored trains before the war, was evacuated to Krasnoyarsk. The construction of new armored trains began at locomotive and wagon repair plants, as well as at railway depots. To create new armored trains, standard drawings of the Bryansk plant were used, sent to factories under the name <nobr>NKPS-42</nobr>.
<space=1em>War experience showed that two-turret armored cars were impractical. Due to their heavy weight, they overloaded the track and made it difficult to lift the vehicle in the event of a derailment. If one of the turrets was damaged, the armored train lost half of its artillery.
<space=1em>At the end of January <nobr>1942</nobr>, the armored train department ordered the development of a new type of armored train. The vehicles were to be armed with a <nobr>76-mm</nobr> gun of the <nobr>F-34</nobr> type, which was used on <nobr>T-34</nobr> tanks, as well as a hull made of heat-treated armor.
<space=1em>In April <nobr>1943</nobr> the project of the armored platform <nobr>PL-43</nobr> was approved, which stands for "light platform <nobr>model 1943"</nobr>. A set of drawings for the new armored train <nobr>BP-43</nobr> was ready in July <nobr>1943</nobr>.
<space=1em>The <nobr>BP-43</nobr> consisted of the armored steam locomotive <nobr>PR-43</nobr>, four armored platforms <nobr>PL-43</nobr> with turrets from the <nobr>T-34</nobr> tank and platforms with anti-aircraft weapons <nobr>PVO-4</nobr>. The latter consisted of a two-axle platform armed with two <nobr>37-mm</nobr> automatic cannons.
<space=1em>The People's Commissariat of Railways plant manufactured <nobr>20 armored trains</nobr>, and <nobr>another six were manufactured by the Kolomna Plant of the People's Commissariat of Heavy Machinery.
<space=1em><b>Our days</b>
<space=1em>The light armored platform <nobr>PO-43</nobr> was built on the basis of a two-axle platform created at the Serp i Molot plant (Kharkov) in <nobr>1935.</nobr> It was later converted from an artillery platform into an air defense platform. This weapon, as historians suggest, was part of one of two armored trains: "Ufa" or "Salavat Yulaev". Received by the museum from the Rzhev station in <nobr>1987</nobr>
ID экспоната:
81
Галерея изображений:
http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1e/ae/s11eae3ed2af9733de8d53cff2cc15ae52ebdc7036.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/82/96/s18296807bbf8f1d275360876e9c607c339b9148cd.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/9d/ca/s19dcaf0e35076c3af47641faf0efae295dcc731bd.jpg
Галерея изображений (оригинал):
http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1e/ae/1eae3ed2af9733de8d53cff2cc15ae52ebdc7036.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/82/96/8296807bbf8f1d275360876e9c607c339b9148cd.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/9d/ca/9dcaf0e35076c3af47641faf0efae295dcc731bd.jpg
Галерея изображений 2000:
http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1e/ae/s21eae3ed2af9733de8d53cff2cc15ae52ebdc7036.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/82/96/s28296807bbf8f1d275360876e9c607c339b9148cd.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/9d/ca/s29dcaf0e35076c3af47641faf0efae295dcc731bd.jpg
Исторические фото:
http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/f3/8a/s1f38ab8f06967a5a6a892fb928f76f9bdad25d6c9.png
Параметры (технические характеристики):
Year of construction
1943
Number of axles
2 / Roof armor thickness, mm
20
Axle coating, mm
Up to 20
Axle load up to, t
14
Type
BP-43
Front, side armor thickness, mm
45
Хронология:
<space=1em>In the first years of the Great Patriotic War, armored trains were used to cover the retreat of troops, protect bridges and stations. Armored trains could no longer withstand air forces. The presence of armored platforms for air defense could not increase their survivability due to their poor mobility and maneuverability. In the first two years of the war, armored trains suffered heavy losses. But since 1943, their role has been to protect railway communications of the operational rear, and losses have ceased. On the Soviet-German front, armored trains were used by both warring parties. <space=1em>The only plant that produced armored trains before the war - the Bryansk Plant named after Profintern - had to be evacuated to Krasnoyarsk. Therefore, the construction of new armored trains began at locomotive and car repair plants, as well as in railway depots. <space=1em>War experience showed that the two-turret armored cars used in armored trains were impractical due to the excess weight, which overloaded the track and made it difficult to lift in the event of a derailment. And if one of the turrets was damaged, the armored train lost half of its artillery. <space=1em>Armored platform No. 910-1045 is a light armored platform PO-43 model 1943. It was based on a two-axle platform built at the Hammer and Sickle plant in Kharkov in 1935. Subsequently, the armored platform was converted from an artillery platform into an air defense platform. The armored platform was presumably part of one of two armored trains: Ufa or Salavat Yulaev. It was received by the museum from Rzhev station in 1987.
Блоки описания:
[{"quote":"","title":"Historical background","images":[],"content":"Armored trains were first used in the Anglo-Boer War 1899-1902 The English army created armored trains to protect communications from Boer guerrilla formations. Armored trains were also actively used in World War I.\r\n\r\n\r\nArmored trains were also part of the USSR's weapons system. By 1941 the country had built new trains, and then deployed railway air defense batteries.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"In the first years of the war, armored trains were used to protect bridges and stations. However, they could no longer resist air forces: air defense sites were ineffective in protecting trains due to poor maneuverability.\r\n\r\n\r\nArmored trains suffered heavy losses until 1943 the strategy for their use was changed. Now they were used to protect railway communications of the operational rear, which made it possible to eliminate their losses.","subtitle":"Armored Trains of War"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The Bryansk plant, the only enterprise that produced armored trains before the war, was evacuated to Krasnoyarsk. The construction of new armored trains began at locomotive and wagon repair plants, as well as at railway depots. To create new armored trains, standard drawings of the Bryansk plant were used, sent to factories under the name NKPS-42.\r\n\r\n\r\nWar experience showed that two-turret armored cars were impractical. Due to their heavy weight, they overloaded the track and made it difficult to lift the vehicle in the event of a derailment. If one of the turrets was damaged, the armored train lost half of its artillery.\r\n\r\n\r\nAt the end of January 1942, the armored train department ordered the development of a new type of armored train. The vehicles were to be armed with a 76-mm gun of the F-34 type, which was used on T-34 tanks, as well as a hull made of heat-treated armor.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn April 1943 the project of the armored platform PL-43 was approved, which stands for \"light platform model 1943\". A set of drawings for the new armored train BP-43 was ready in July 1943.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe BP-43 consisted of the armored steam locomotive PR-43, four armored platforms PL-43 with turrets from the T-34 tank and platforms with anti-aircraft weapons PVO-4. The latter consisted of a two-axle platform armed with two 37-mm automatic cannons.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe People's Commissariat of Railways plant manufactured 20 armored trains, and another six were manufactured by the Kolomna Plant of the People's Commissariat of Heavy Machinery.","subtitle":"New weapons"},{"quote":"","title":"Our days","images":[],"content":"The light armored platform PO-43 was built on the basis of a two-axle platform created at the Serp i Molot plant (Kharkov) in 1935. It was later converted from an artillery platform into an air defense platform. This weapon, as historians suggest, was part of one of two armored trains: \"Ufa\" or \"Salavat Yulaev\". Received by the museum from the Rzhev station in 1987","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The only plant that produced armored trains before the war - the Bryansk Plant named after Profintern - had to be evacuated to Krasnoyarsk. Therefore, the construction of new armored trains began at locomotive and car repair plants, as well as in railway depots.\r\n\r\nWar experience showed that the two-turret armored cars used in armored trains were impractical due to the excess weight, which overloaded the track and made it difficult to lift in the event of a derailment. And if one of the turrets was damaged, the armored train lost half of its artillery.","subtitle":"Historical context"}]
Характеристики (блоками):
[{"name":"Year of construction","type":"text","value":"1943","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Number of axles","type":"number","value":"2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Roof armor thickness, mm","type":"number","value":"20","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Axle coating, mm","type":"text","value":"Up to 20","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Axle load up to, t","type":"number","value":"14","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Type","type":"text","value":"BP-43","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Front, side armor thickness, mm","type":"number","value":"45","is_two_colls":false}]
История (блоками):
[{"year":"1943","content":"In the first years of the Great Patriotic War, armored trains were used to cover the retreat of troops, protect bridges and stations. Armored trains could no longer withstand air forces. The presence of armored platforms for air defense could not increase their survivability due to their poor mobility and maneuverability. In the first two years of the war, armored trains suffered heavy losses. But since 1943, their role has been to protect railway communications of the operational rear, and losses have ceased. On the Soviet-German front, armored trains were used by both warring parties."},{"year":"1943","content":"Armored platform No. 910-1045 is a light armored platform PO-43 model 1943. It was based on a two-axle platform built at the Hammer and Sickle plant in Kharkov in 1935. Subsequently, the armored platform was converted from an artillery platform into an air defense platform. The armored platform was presumably part of one of two armored trains: Ufa or Salavat Yulaev. It was received by the museum from Rzhev station in 1987."}]
Модель (деталка):
№ 910-1045
Заголовок (деталка):
Special railway equipment
Заголовок истории:
Chronology
Mnemonic code:
81
Code in external DB source:
315
Name:
№ 910-1045