Exhibits

Wagons

Ok 584032

<space=1em>Explosive growth

<space=1em>By the 1860s the railway industry in Russia entered a period of rapid development. Most Russian railways in the 19th century were private and had the opportunity to order rolling stock for themselves according to their own requirements. The Russian government during this period encouraged orders for carriages and locomotives in Russia, and not abroad. In this situation, many machine-building plants began to build carriages, especially since the freight cars of that time were small in size, had a minimum number of metal parts and were easy to manufacture.

<space=1em>At the same time, in the 1860s, the desirability of introducing non-reloading freight service between different roads had already been realized in Russia. In 1869 the First General Congress of Railway Representatives was held. 18 railways were presented there. The congress laid the foundations for uninterrupted service between railways of different owners, and also established a minimum set of general requirements for rolling stock, without which uninterrupted service was not possible.

<space=1em>Introduction of standards

<space=1em>In 1875 to facilitate the transportation of troops, the Ministry of Railways established "normal dimensions" for newly ordered railway cars. Subsequently, compliance with uniform overall dimensions (standards) became more stringent, and the variety of wheel pairs, axle boxes and buffers gradually decreased. This made it possible to introduce uninterrupted service on all railways with a track gauge of 1,524 mm in 1889.

<space=1em>Mass deliveries of wagons that met uniform standards and were called normal led to their displacement of earlier designs. By 1906 the normal type fleet, according to various sources, comprised 90 to 98% of the covered wagon fleet, and most of the rest were of the state-owned 1873 type. In July 1936 the "removal of old-type, dilapidated and weakly constructed wagons from the freight fleet" began, including those with wooden buffer beams.

<space=1em>Museum exhibit

<space=1em>The frame of the carriage on display is designed for operation on a gauge of 1,435 mm, converted for a gauge of 1,524 mm. Initially, it had a frame with metal channels and transverse hardware beams of an I-section, the remaining beams (buffer, longitudinal hardware, diagonal and intermediate transverse) were made of wood. Later, the wooden buffer beams were reinforced with box-section metal. The carriage arrived at the museum from the October Railway in 1987.

ID экспоната: 86

Галерея изображений: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/fd/10/s1fd1018235abed04da189f184c5da04e1d478aed5.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1c/54/s11c54e7c760e6eb384be4b7fee30860e7f3c22fd1.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/5c/b7/s15cb7d142f039e57d012d916ef6ca79038ea09a2f.jpg

Галерея изображений (оригинал): http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/fd/10/fd1018235abed04da189f184c5da04e1d478aed5.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1c/54/1c54e7c760e6eb384be4b7fee30860e7f3c22fd1.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/5c/b7/5cb7d142f039e57d012d916ef6ca79038ea09a2f.jpg

Галерея изображений 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/fd/10/s2fd1018235abed04da189f184c5da04e1d478aed5.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/1c/54/s21c54e7c760e6eb384be4b7fee30860e7f3c22fd1.jpg / http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/5c/b7/s25cb7d142f039e57d012d916ef6ca79038ea09a2f.jpg

Исторические фото: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/44/21/s14421fc44de9bb130dbdc800fca904461a0ff98cf.png

Параметры (технические характеристики): Year of construction Unknown Number of axles 2 / Frame length, mm 6,170 Load capacity, t 16.5 Body Wooden Frame Wooden with metal channels and cross hardware bars Base, mm 3,645

План: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/d8/38/d838f7643e92d95a9d16b6a8be0d6f2cd3a342a3.jpg

План 1000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/d8/38/s1d838f7643e92d95a9d16b6a8be0d6f2cd3a342a3.jpg

План 2000: http://dpmzdr.infomedia.digital/files/d8/38/s2d838f7643e92d95a9d16b6a8be0d6f2cd3a342a3.jpg

Хронология: <space=1em>The car body was replaced and made according to the type of a normal freight car (NTV). <space=1em>A normal freight car is a car with standard dimensions of the body, doors, chassis, traction and harness devices. It was finally accepted for construction and operation throughout the entire railway network of the Russian Empire in 1892, which ensured uninterrupted service. Until that time, cars circulated only within the owner road, and at the junction station with another road, reloading took place. This was economically expensive and affected the already not very high delivery speeds. <space=1em>All cars that did not meet the established requirements and dimensions began to be called subnormal. This mainly concerned the wheelbase of the carriage, which for NTV carriages was 3,810 mm (12'6"), the floor area, the volume of the body, the dimensions of the doorway, as well as the harness fittings, wheel pairs and springs. <space=1em>It was necessary to comply with the standards in order to be able to load the carriage at a certain rate at any station on the network and to repair it en route if necessary. All repair costs were borne by the owner railway. At border stations there was a rule of exchange: as many carriages arrived on the road, so many left. Each railway had its own assigned fleet of carriages, and it had to be quantitatively constant on the road. Once every three years, a carriage had to return to the owner railway for inspection and repair. An inventory of carriages was made annually and missing carriages were searched for. <space=1em>Initially, freight carriages had solid wooden frames. Only the wheel pairs with axle boxes, their guides, springs, harness and coupling devices and body fastenings were made of iron. By 1870, they gradually switched to using rolled iron. It was primarily used to make longitudinal frame beams, to which the axle box guides and springs were attached. Buffer beams continued to be made of oak. <space=1em>The width of the carriage frame was determined by the track width on which it was used. Considering that the track width on Russian railways was 89 mm wider, this left its mark on the dimensions of the carriage frame. <space=1em>The carriage arrived at the museum from the October Railway in 1987.

Блоки описания: [{"quote":"During the development of rail communication in the 19thcentury, the need for covered goods wagons for the safer transport of goods became apparent.","title":"","images":[],"content":"By the 1860s, the rail industry in Russia had entered a period of rapid growth. In the 19th century, most railways in Russia were privately owned and could order their own rolling stock as needed. During this period, the Russian government encouraged the purchase of cars and steam locomotive from within Russia rather than abroad. In this context, many engineering plants focused on building cars, as the goods wagons of the time were small, had a minimal number of metal parts and were simple to manufacture.","subtitle":"Explosive Growth"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"At the same time, in the 1860s, the desirability of the ability to transport freight between different railways without the need for unloading and reloading was clear. In 1869, the First General Congress of Railway Representatives was held. Eighteen railways sent representatives. The congress laid the foundations of the transport of freight between railways with different owners without unloading, and also established the minimum common standards for rolling stock required to make this possible.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"The Ministry of Railways introduced the “standard dimensions” in 1875 to facilitate the transport of troops.","title":"The Introduction of Standards","images":[],"content":"To facilitate the transport of troops, in 1875, the Ministry of Railways stipulated “standard dimensions” for any new orders of railway cars. Later, adherence to the uniform dimensions (the standard) became stricter, and the variety of wheelsets, axleboxes and buffers gradually reduced. This made it possible to introduce unloading-free connections on all railways with a gauge of 1,524 mm in 1889.","subtitle":"Standard Dimensions"},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The earlier car designs were displaced by the mass delivery of cars conforming to the unified norms, known as “normal”, or standard cars. According to various sources, by 1906, the fleet of standard-type cars made up 90–98 % of the goods wagon fleet, and the majority of the remainder were 1873 state-type cars. The “withdrawal of dilapidated and poorly designed old-type cars” began in July 1936, including those with wooden dead-wood.","subtitle":""},{"quote":"","title":"","images":[],"content":"The frame of the car on display was designed for operation on a 1,435-mm-gauge track and converted to a 1,524-mm gauge. Initially, its frame had metal channels and transverse I-section equipment bars, and the other bars (buffer, longitudinal equipment, diagonal and intermediate transverse) were made of wood. The wooden dead-wood was reinforced with metal box beam.","subtitle":"Museum Exhibit"}]

Характеристики (блоками): [{"name":"Base, m","type":"number","value":"3,645","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Год постройки","type":"text","value":"Unknown","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Number of axes","type":"number","value":"2","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Frame length, m","type":"number","value":"6,170","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Load capacity, t","type":"number","value":"16,5","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Body","type":"text","value":"Wooden","is_two_colls":false},{"name":"Frame","type":"text","value":"Wood, metal","is_two_colls":false}]

История (блоками): [{"year":"1892","content":"The Russian Empire codifies railway norms and standards."},{"year":"1915","content":"The Russian army occupies parts of Austrian Galicia and local railways."},{"year":"1936","content":"Modernisation of the freight railway fleet begins."},{"year":"1987","content":"Car no. 584 032 arrives at the Russian Railway Museum from the Oktyabrskaya Railway."}]

Чертежи (блоками): [{"src":"http:\/\/dpmzdr.infomedia.digital\/files\/d8\/38\/s2d838f7643e92d95a9d16b6a8be0d6f2cd3a342a3.jpg","title":"Чертёж"}]

Модель (деталка): No. 584 032

Заголовок (деталка): Pre-Standard Covered Goods Wagon

Подвал описания: The car arrived at the museum from the Oktyabrskaya Railway in 1987.

Заголовок истории: Chronology

Mnemonic code: 86

Code in external DB source: 379

Name: Ok 584032

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